B1 German for naturalisation

B1 is the 'independent user' level of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). At B1 you can understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar topics, handle most everyday situations, write simple connected text such as a short letter or email, and describe experiences, plans and reasons. For naturalisation, the law requires you to meet the requirements of a B1 language test (§ 10 Abs. 4 StAG).

• Deutsch-Test für Zuwanderer (DTZ) with the overall result B1, usually taken at the end of an integration course
• The Zertifikat Integrationskurs (DTZ at B1 plus a passed 'Leben in Deutschland' test)
• Other recognised B1 certificates (or higher) from established exam providers
• In many cases German school, vocational or university qualifications

Authorities decide which documents they accept, so confirm with your Einbürgerungsbehörde before you book an exam.

The DTZ has a written part of about 100 minutes (listening, reading and a short letter) and an oral part of about 15 minutes. The certificate shows A2 or B1 overall. To get B1 overall, you need B1 in speaking and in at least one of the other two areas (listening and reading, or writing). Speaking is therefore essential, so practise it as much as reading.

• Children under 16 need only age-appropriate German
• Former guest workers, contract workers in the former GDR, and spouses who joined them shortly afterwards need only spoken everyday German
• In hardship cases, where someone has made serious and lasting efforts but cannot reach B1, the requirement can be limited to spoken German
• People who cannot meet the requirement because of illness, disability or age are exempt

Even with a certificate, your appointments with the authority are in German. Expect simple questions about your residence, work, family and reasons for applying, and be ready to explain in your own words what you are signing in the commitment. Practise short, clear answers in full sentences. If you do not understand, ask: 'Können Sie das bitte wiederholen?' or 'Können Sie das bitte langsamer sagen?' Asking is normal and is not counted against you.